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Full Water Quality Report

Download Raw Water Quality Data CSV

Sample Point - LR1

Download Sample Point Report CSV  /  Inflow: Yes / Outflow: No
Date
Source
Method of Flow
Flow - Field (gal/min)
pH - Field (S.U.)
pH - Lab (S.U.)
ORP - Field (mvolts)
Temp - Field (C)
D. O (mg/L) Field
D. O (mg/L) Lab
Cond - Lab (umhos/cm)
Alkalinity - Field (mg/L)
Alkalinity - Lab (mg/L)
Acidity - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Field (mg/L)
Fe+2 - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
D. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
T. Al - Lab (mg/L)
D. Al - Lab (mg/L)
T. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
D. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
Sulfate (Mg/L) Lab
TSS - Lab (mg/L)
Ca (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Ca (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Chloride (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
T. PO4 (mg/L)
D. PO4 (mg/L)
K (mg/L) Lab
Full - Na (mg/L) Lab
Zn (mg/L) Lab
Zn (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Sampler Person
Sampler Company
Sampler Lab
Comments
Specific Conductance Field (mS/cm)
Cd (Total) (mg/L)
Carbon (Total) (mg/L)
Be (Total) (mg/L)
Ba (Total) (mg/L)
Boron (Total) (mg/L)
As (Total) (mg/L)
Se (Total) (mg/L)
Sb (Total) (mg/L)
Pb (Total) (mg/L)
Sn (Total) (mg/L)
V (Total) (mg/L)
TSS (mg/L)
Ni (Total) (mg/L)
Cu (Total) (mg/L)
Cr (Total) (mg/L)
Hardness (mg/L)
Hg (Total) (mg/L)
Mo (Total) (mg/L)
Nitrate (Total) (mg/L)
1998-08-20SIS--4.53.23.2--------935--0126--0.967.26--9.37--15.8--213--40.3--1241.5------3.318.081.61------------------------------------0.528------------
1998-10-14SIS--2.233.2------------0130--1.385.91--9.33--15.2--2153643.8----41.8------------------------------------------------------281.716------
1998-11-12SIS--1.4--3.3------------0122--0.813.6--9.38--14.4--276245.1----36.8----------1.46------------------------------------0.515----264.366------
1999-01-28SIS--2043.7------------068--1.652.01--5.46--9.02--1862829.6----27.2----------1.06------------------------------------0.336----186.064------
1999-03-30SIS--253.53.6------------072--0.341.35--7.53--10--204831.6----29.4----------1.23------------------------------------0.406----200.128------
1999-07-06SIS----4.74.6--------702--1.460--2.13.03--6.83--12.1--323.6449.2--1333.4------3.177.751.41------------------------------------0.498----321.854------
1999-08-02SIS------7.5--------835--1340--0.020.057--0.2--0.331--292--112--1035.5------3.326.690.01------------------------------------0.05------------
1999-09-16SIS--3.33.33.3------------0176--24.9944.2--9.11--38.5--2623237.7----38.5------------------------------------------------------252.87------
1999-10-07SIS--.63.53.3------------0118--0.715.21--9.8--12.5--3231948.2----37.3----------1.26------------------------------------0.475----274.176------
1999-12-16SIS--6.73.533.2------------098--0.61.47--7.29--12.7--246232.7----32.4----------1.15------------------------------------0.378----215.238------
1999-12-20SIS------3.6------------086--4.87.22--7.07--10.2--370237.8----29.7----------1.13------------------------------------0.371----216.864------
2000-01-05SIS----3.163.4------------0106--0.483.31--8.64--11.3--223236----32.3------------------------------------------------------223.076------
2000-02-14SIS--754.153.9------------030--0.512.09--2.03--2.3--63210.5----6.57------------------------------------------------0.085----53.3184------
2000-02-15SIS------3.7------------058--1.322.27--4.77--6.29--170224----21.6----------0.773------------------------------------0.274----148.992------
2000-03-29SIS----3.693.6------------086--0.351.17--6.58--7.5--195228.4----26.9------------------------------------------------------181.828------
2000-04-14SIS------3.8------------064--1.862.55--6.66--8.53--1682035.1----29.3----------1.09------------------------------------0.345----208.466------
2000-05-04SIS----3.653.6--------674--082--0.381.07--7.41--10--270--29.3--1027.7------2.316.761.23------------------------------------0.423------------
2000-06-15SIS----3.493.4--------814--098--0.321.39--9.09--14.1--2822837.9--1138.1------2.887.781.44------------------------------------0.472------------
2000-10-19SIS------3.3--------816--094--0.431.36--8.02--10--238--36.5--1534.3------2.956.91.2------------------------------------0.431------------
2000-12-07SIS------3.4--------713--084--0.433.02--7.54--9.96--189--31.2--1532.3------2.627.241.31------------------------------------0.411------------
2001-01-19SIS--143.653.6------------080--0.3122.33--7.13--9.16--168230.5----28.3----------1.56------------------------------------0.369----192.846------
2001-03-26SIS--247.353.6--------540--060--0.351.75--5.97--7.24--176224.6--1521.5------2.117.390.953------------------------------------0.293------------
2001-07-31SIS--5.243.3--------717--092.4--0.552.49--7.19--10.5--230.51229.9--1729.4------2.969.161.25------------------------------------0.41------------
2001-10-10SIS--1.5--3.3--------779--0122.8--7.6514.1--7.86--10.6--259.26037--1435.1------3.128.851.02------------------------------------0.371------------
2002-03-22SIS--183.83.7--------506--081.6--0.821.36--5.71--7.78--174226.7--1224------2.267.250.97------------------------------------0.3------------
2002-11-07SIS--3.75--3.3------------0119.6--13.95--7.63--9.85--260235.3----29.9------------------------------------------------------211------
2003-04-08SIS--183.63.7--------559--094.8--0.440.872--7.14--8.22--203.4228.9--23.726.3------2.548.541.05------------------------------------0.325------------
2003-06-16SIS--18--3.6------------084.2--0.151.03--6.21--7.81--230.12----------------------------------------------------------------------
2008-11-05SIS--3--3.4--------582--060.8--0.722.419--4.508--7.28--213.2529--16.225.8------2.8927.4020.781------------------------------------0.266------------
2009-07-08SIS--7.5--3.7--------587--057.6--0.872.131--5.574--7.686--246.4529.9--17.226.3------2.6768.0930.859----------------------------------4000.281------------
2010-04-28SIS--18--3.9--------633--073.6--0.290.454--8.947--10.5--267.9--38.4--16.733.6------2.9559.71.119----------------------------------4820.365------------
2010-07-20SIS------3.5------------075.4--4.476.548--6.073--8.124--274.714------------------------------------------------------470--------------
2012-01-11SIS--303.954--------449--064--0.150.426--4.791--5.746--177523.3--10.420.3------2.517.8320.683----------------------------------2840.222------------
2012-03-08SIS----4.124.2------------4.633.2--0.540.684--4.207--5.23--248.36------------------------------------------------------274--------------
2012-07-05SIS------3.7------------041.8--1.171.777--3.18--5.138--175.75------------------------------------------------------292--------------
2014-07-17SIS--3.53.63.9--------448--039.4----4.1383.5852.9582.8265.9515.651156.3623.5--12.920.5------2.517.5970.532----------------------------------292--------------
2015-09-02SIS--53.69------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2015-11-24SIS--53.63.6--------515--057.6----2.7072.6093.4353.3616.2556.132178.9524.5--10.920.7------2.6767.4960.519----------------------------------326--------------
2016-07-18SIS----3.753.7--------462--057.2----2.9311.0673.7163.5896.0885.96173.9522--12.419.4------2.8028.40.717----------------------------------308--------------
2016-12-20SIS----4.144--------356--1.643.2----0.9830.153.4213.2784.5454.474126.2518.7--10.516------2.4686.9510.574----------------------------------232--------------
2017-02-23SIS--.54.164.1--------383--3.229.6----0.1970.193.7643.7844.9474.989178.5522.9--9.419.4------2.4367.7490.625----------------------------------248--------------
2017-05-25SIS--304.374.4--------346--5.629.2----2.120.393.0272.9154.2754.213174.7519.844--10.116.382------2.2166.7940.484----------------------------------230--------------
2017-09-14SIS--153.993.8--------395--038.2----2.0221.9752.7582.7545.1045.113170.9521.82--10.319.093------2.6987.430.534----------------------------------248--------------
2017-12-05SIS--5.87.184.2--------373--3.436.8----1.280.3343.0092.9364.7924.735170.7621--8.717.7------2.5687.4080.557----------------------------------248--------------
2018-02-28SIS----4.14.3--------274--524.2----0.2180.112.2412.172.9712.88794.6514.35--9.111.77------1.9156.4230.395----------------------------------204--------------
Minimum:0--.533.2--------274--00--0.020.0570.110.22.170.3312.88763210.5--8.76.57------1.9156.4230.01----------------------------------2040.05----53.3184------
Maximum:0--757.357.5--------935--134176--24.9944.23.5859.83.78438.56.13237060112--23.741.8------3.329.71.61----------------------------------4820.528----321.854------
Average:0--134.003.75--------576--474.0--1.833.601.165.973.079.014.91214.59.532.48--12.9027.35------2.677.670.96----------------------------------302.530.35----214.55------
Range:0--74.54.354.3--------661--134176--24.9744.1433.4759.61.61438.1693.24530758101.5--1535.23------1.4053.2771.6----------------------------------2780.478----268.5356------
Median:0--6.253.723.6--------559--072.8--0.62.110.396.42.948.174.99208.5529.9--1228------2.687.51.04----------------------------------2840.37----213.12------
Loading (lb/day):--0.769.820.350.140.810.351.120.57

Sample Point Description: Mine Discharge Influent Into Treatment System

  1. Records with no value are not included in statistical calculations.
  2. Values lower than the minimum detection limit are assumed to be 0.
  3. Average pH is calculated using the arithmetic mean of pH values. Hydronium ion concentrations were not used.
  4. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License.

To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.


Sample Point - LR2

Download Sample Point Report CSV  /  Inflow: No / Outflow: Yes
Date
Source
Method of Flow
Flow - Field (gal/min)
pH - Field (S.U.)
pH - Lab (S.U.)
ORP - Field (mvolts)
Temp - Field (C)
D. O (mg/L) Field
D. O (mg/L) Lab
Cond - Lab (umhos/cm)
Alkalinity - Field (mg/L)
Alkalinity - Lab (mg/L)
Acidity - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Field (mg/L)
Fe+2 - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
D. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
T. Al - Lab (mg/L)
D. Al - Lab (mg/L)
T. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
D. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
Sulfate (Mg/L) Lab
TSS - Lab (mg/L)
Ca (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Ca (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Chloride (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
T. PO4 (mg/L)
D. PO4 (mg/L)
K (mg/L) Lab
Full - Na (mg/L) Lab
Zn (mg/L) Lab
Zn (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Sampler Person
Sampler Company
Sampler Lab
Comments
Specific Conductance Field (mS/cm)
Cd (Total) (mg/L)
Carbon (Total) (mg/L)
Be (Total) (mg/L)
Ba (Total) (mg/L)
Boron (Total) (mg/L)
As (Total) (mg/L)
Se (Total) (mg/L)
Sb (Total) (mg/L)
Pb (Total) (mg/L)
Sn (Total) (mg/L)
V (Total) (mg/L)
TSS (mg/L)
Ni (Total) (mg/L)
Cu (Total) (mg/L)
Cr (Total) (mg/L)
Hardness (mg/L)
Hg (Total) (mg/L)
Mo (Total) (mg/L)
Nitrate (Total) (mg/L)
1998-08-20SIS--4.56.87.2--------889--1440--0.020.071--0.2--0.402--282--144--1045.2------2.977.660.01------------------------------------0.05------------
1998-10-14SIS--2.27.86.8------------1580--0.020.047--0.2--0.549--3364155----48.9------------------------------------------------------588.968------
1998-11-12SIS--1.4--7.4------------1660--0.070.02--0.2--0.318--3052148----44.3----------0.012------------------------------------0.05----552.516------
1999-01-28SIS--207.57.7------------1000--0.110.02--0.2--0.015--2261887.7----25------------------------------------------------------322.25------
1999-03-30SIS--256.47------------1060--0.020.038--0.2--0.01--352295.9----29.2----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----360.054------
1999-07-06SIS----7.77.5--------908--1440--0.020.085--0.2--0.176--400.442126.5--1237.5------3.177.430.01------------------------------------0.05----527.676------
1999-09-16SIS--3.3--7.1------------1540--0.090.144--0.2--0.448--36258147----48.7------------------------------------------------------568.144------
1999-10-07SIS--.667.5------------1540--0.020.02--0.2--0.422--4432126----40.9----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----483.508------
1999-12-16SIS--6.77.237------------1360--0.040.039--0.2--0.44--26114121----37.6----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----457.412------
1999-12-20SIS------7.6------------1360--0.040.055--0.2--0.472--3792123----36----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----455.82------
2000-01-05SIS----6.817.3------------1280--0.030.029--0.2--0.263--3102112----35.5------------------------------------------------------426.26------
2000-02-14SIS--756.817.2------------840--0.020.02--0.2--0.039--1701072.3----20.1------------------------------------------------0.05----263.562------
2000-02-15SIS------7.1------------700--0.020.02--0.2--0.014--122859.4----17----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----218.54------
2000-03-29SIS----6.817.1------------1080--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--231496.1----30------------------------------------------------------363.85------
2000-04-14SIS------7.2------------980--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--3193096.8----30.3----------0.01------------------------------------0.05----366.836------
2000-05-04SIS----6.957.5--------688--1040--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--253--89.1--1027.7------2.346.110.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2000-06-15SIS----6.927.6--------820--1260--0.020.02--0.2--0.079--33928117--1341.2------2.527.390.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2000-10-19SIS------7.6--------846--1280--0.030.02--0.2--0.067--363--116--1641.1------1.676.40.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2000-12-07SIS------7.5--------732--1060--0.0410.02--0.2--0.025--279--102--1536.5------2.116.520.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2001-01-19SIS--147.977.4------------1260--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--2382107----38.4----------0.367------------------------------------0.05----425.708------
2001-03-26SIS--243.647.8--------581--860--0.040.02--0.2--0.01--199276.5--1424.6------2.117.090.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2001-07-31SIS--5.27.57.1--------751--1140--0.020.035--0.2--0.042--357295.3--1534.5------38.910.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2001-10-10SIS--1.5--7.6--------848--1360--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--435.42124--1443.4------2.247.070.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2002-03-22SIS--187.67.4--------490--720--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--157265.8--921.8------1.935.710.01------------------------------------0.05------------
2002-11-07SIS--3.75--7.7------------1220--0.020.03--0.2--0.01--295.66114----37.3------------------------------------------------------439------
2003-04-08SIS--1867.6--------635--92.60--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--222.3281.6--22.528------2.357.730.023------------------------------------0.05------------
2003-06-16SIS--18--7.3------------97.40--0.020.02--0.2--0.01--295.22----------------------------------------------------------------------
2008-11-05SIS--3--8--------645--91.2-83.2--0.020.025--0.2--0.186--201.8579.5--14.731.4------2.2756.7780.021------------------------------------0.05------------
2009-07-08SIS--7.56.87.6--------589--46.2-37.8--0.140.249--2.232--2.898--186.6863.5--16.228.8------2.8077.760.307----------------------------------4400.098------------
2010-04-28SIS--186.86.4--------637--11.61.8--0.160.243--4.751--5.243--294.7--63.2--16.535.7------2.9989.590.593----------------------------------4920.194------------
2010-07-20SIS------7.3------------71.4-53.2--0.150.3--1.909--2.436--295.810------------------------------------------------------566--------------
2012-01-11SIS--305.676--------423--4.63.6--0.10.283--2.838--3.482--178.6535.3--10.820.8------2.4837.730.389----------------------------------2500.124------------
2012-03-08SIS----8.167.8------------74.6-66.4--0.020.3--0.5--0.05--197.46------------------------------------------------------342--------------
2012-07-05SIS------8.1------------100.2-83.2--0.020.3--0.5--0.05--160.36------------------------------------------------------406--------------
2014-07-17SIS--4.978.1--------555--95.4-86----0.020.020.20.20.010.01166.3669--12.126------2.7967.5370.01----------------------------------372--------------
2015-09-02SIS--3.57.6------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2015-11-24SIS--2.57.178--------579--102.2-61.8----0.020.020.20.20.010.01214.3566--10.725.6------1.8816.1680.01----------------------------------416--------------
2016-07-18SIS----8.058--------544--91-66----0.020.020.20.20.0130.013203.5564.2--10.923.5------2.7637.5510.01----------------------------------412--------------
2016-12-20SIS----6.737.1--------283--36.2-12.4----0.0480.0320.5050.20.7070.755103531.7--7.311.7------1.6124.6730.086----------------------------------192--------------
2017-02-23SIS--28.27.577.5--------425--53.2-41----0.0230.020.4850.20.6440.665175.5547.6--9.319.4------2.3257.0120.078----------------------------------276--------------
2017-05-25SIS--287.538--------456--65.2-53.4----0.020.020.20.20.010.01176.3550.7--10.320.1------2.3647.0090.01----------------------------------300--------------
2017-09-14SIS--5.47.737.9--------487--79-65.6----0.0280.020.20.20.1540.133174.8561.754--9.923.633------2.4696.9670.012----------------------------------336--------------
2017-12-05SIS--12.2--7.5--------403--50.4-32.8----0.0360.020.4550.20.7220.727146544.9--919.1------2.0946.8270.079----------------------------------264--------------
2018-02-28SIS--36.636.97.5--------302--40.6-26.4----0.0390.020.6420.20.8830.86994.3630.75--8.512.29------1.8355.8470.11----------------------------------196--------------
Minimum:0--.63.646--------283--4.6-86--0.020.020.020.20.20.010.0194.3230.75--7.311.7------1.6124.6730.01----------------------------------1920.05----218.54------
Maximum:0--758.168.1--------908--1663.6--0.160.30.0324.7510.25.2430.86944358155--22.548.9------3.179.590.593----------------------------------5660.194----588.968------
Average:0--157.017.43--------605--98-17.8--0.040.070.020.500.200.500.35253.57.789.93--12.3630.74------2.387.060.07----------------------------------350.670.06----426.26------
Range:0--74.44.522.1--------625--161.489.6--0.140.280.0124.55105.2330.859348.756124.25--15.237.2------1.5584.9170.583----------------------------------3740.144----370.428------
Median:0--7.56.987.5--------585--1000--0.020.020.020.20.20.050.13238589.1--11.4530------2.357.040.01----------------------------------3420.05----432.63------
Loading (lb/day):--13.32-5.840.0100.120.040.130.1

Sample Point Description: Treatment System Effluent

  1. Records with no value are not included in statistical calculations.
  2. Values lower than the minimum detection limit are assumed to be 0.
  3. Average pH is calculated using the arithmetic mean of pH values. Hydronium ion concentrations were not used.
  4. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License.

To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.


Sample Point - LR3

Download Sample Point Report CSV  /  Inflow: No / Outflow: No
Date
Source
Method of Flow
Flow - Field (gal/min)
pH - Field (S.U.)
pH - Lab (S.U.)
ORP - Field (mvolts)
Temp - Field (C)
D. O (mg/L) Field
D. O (mg/L) Lab
Cond - Lab (umhos/cm)
Alkalinity - Field (mg/L)
Alkalinity - Lab (mg/L)
Acidity - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Field (mg/L)
Fe+2 - Lab (mg/L)
T. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
D. Fe - Lab (mg/L)
T. Al - Lab (mg/L)
D. Al - Lab (mg/L)
T. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
D. Mn - Lab (mg/L)
Sulfate (Mg/L) Lab
TSS - Lab (mg/L)
Ca (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Ca (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Chloride (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Total) (mg/L) Lab
Mg (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
T. PO4 (mg/L)
D. PO4 (mg/L)
K (mg/L) Lab
Full - Na (mg/L) Lab
Zn (mg/L) Lab
Zn (Dissolved) (mg/L) Lab
Sampler Person
Sampler Company
Sampler Lab
Comments
Specific Conductance Field (mS/cm)
Cd (Total) (mg/L)
Carbon (Total) (mg/L)
Be (Total) (mg/L)
Ba (Total) (mg/L)
Boron (Total) (mg/L)
As (Total) (mg/L)
Se (Total) (mg/L)
Sb (Total) (mg/L)
Pb (Total) (mg/L)
Sn (Total) (mg/L)
V (Total) (mg/L)
TSS (mg/L)
Ni (Total) (mg/L)
Cu (Total) (mg/L)
Cr (Total) (mg/L)
Hardness (mg/L)
Hg (Total) (mg/L)
Mo (Total) (mg/L)
Nitrate (Total) (mg/L)
1999-01-28SIS--5--4.7------------1.41220--0.271.3--0.861--0.634--20465.84----2.94----------0.087------------------------------------0.05----26.7128------
1999-07-06SIS----64.8------------260--35.1937.7--0.542--3.92--74.312613.2----8.7----------0.042------------------------------------0.05----68.844------
1999-12-20SIS------6.2------------3212--21.4221.6--0.22--7.44--2643062.1----26.4----------0.03------------------------------------0.05----264.018------
2000-02-15SIS------5.5------------6.817.8--7.8133--1.46--5.46--1783247----23.6----------0.216------------------------------------0.095----214.732------
2000-04-14SIS------5.8------------1410--13.2348.4--1.33--5.71--21813457.6----25.4----------0.059------------------------------------0.054----248.648------
2000-08-16SIS----4.194.2------------024--0.430.927--2.13--1.17--7027.96----8.82------------------------------------------------------56.2384------
2003-06-02SIS------4.6------------7.622.2--0.030.104--0.334--0.114--202----------------------------------------------------------------------
Minimum:0--54.194.2------------010--0.030.104--0.22--0.114--2025.84----2.94----------0.03------------------------------------0.05----26.7128------
Maximum:0--566.2------------321220--35.1948.4--2.13--7.44--26413462.1----26.4----------0.216------------------------------------0.095----264.018------
Average:0--55.105.11------------9195.1--11.2020.43--0.98--3.49--120.653.132.28----15.98----------0.09------------------------------------0.06----146.53------
Range:0--01.812------------321210--35.1648.296--1.91--7.326--24413256.26----23.46----------0.186------------------------------------0.045----237.3052------
Median:0--55.14.8------------6.822.2--7.8121.6--0.86--3.92--74.33230.1----16.21----------0.06------------------------------------0.05----141.79------
Loading (lb/day):--0.0873.320.08--0.05--0.04--

Sample Point Description: NEW SEEP BELOW RAW DISCHARGE

  1. Records with no value are not included in statistical calculations.
  2. Values lower than the minimum detection limit are assumed to be 0.
  3. Average pH is calculated using the arithmetic mean of pH values. Hydronium ion concentrations were not used.
  4. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike License.

To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.5/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.